In the wake of September 11 most American opinion leaders, understandably, focused on the war in Afghanistan, on Iraq, or on homeland security efforts in the United States. Consideration of the European response has largely focused on the degree to which NATO allies and the European Union have acted to support the United States and the international anti-terrorism coalition. September 11, however, underscored an important fact: future terrorist-WMD incidents will not be limited to the American homeland; the consequences will be international. Exploring the transatlantic policy implications of European and U.S. homeland security efforts is an important next step to be taken by the strategic community. America’s NATO allies invoked for the first time in history the Alliance’s mutual defense clause, in essence stating that the September 11 attack was an attack on 19 nations. Does the invocation of Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty imply that there is a “NATO Homeland?” What does that mean for operational policy? Should we organize our respective efforts at societal protection or “homeland security” in a more systematic and coordinated “transatlantic” fashion? The Center leads the international policy work of the Johns-Hopkins-based U.S. National Center of Excellence on Homeland Security, awarded by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. This National Center for the Study of Preparedness and Catastrophic Event Response (PACER), is one of five U.S. University-based Centers of Excellence in homeland security. A particular focus of the Center’s work has been transatlantic biodefense efforts together with the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center’s Center for Biosecurity. The Center for Transatlantic Relations also works on transatlantic approaches managing the movement of people, goods, and money as part of the international anti-terrorism campaign, and has produced a series of books and monographs on this subject. Projects: PACER--National Center for the Study of Preparedness and Catastrophic Event Response Atlantic Storm Publications: Richard, Anne C. Role Reversal: Offers of Help From Other Countries in Response to Hurricane Katrina (Washington, D.C.: Center for Transatlantic Relations, 2006). Hamilton, Daniel, editor. Terrorism and International Relations (Washington, D.C.: Center for Transatlantic Relations, 2006). Richard, Anne C. Fighting Terrorist Financing: Transatlantic Cooperation and International Institutions (Washington, D.C.: Center for Transatlantic Relations, 2005) Brimmer, Esther, editor. Transforming Homeland Security: U.S. and European Approaches (Washington, D.C.: Center for Transatlantic Relations, 2006). Dalgaard-Nielsen, Anja, and Daniel Hamilton, eds., Transatlantic Homeland Security? Protecting Society in the Age of Catastrophic Terrorism (Routledge, 2006). Hamilton, Daniel, ed. Protecting the Homeland: European Approaches to Total Defense and Societal Security and their Implications for the United States (Washington, D.C.: Center for Transatlantic Relations, 2006). | 
